ASTM A234 WPB Buttweld Fittings | ASTM A234 Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe Fittings Manufacturer & Supplier
ASTM A234 WPB Buttweld Fittings in seamless and welded construction, supplied to ASME B16.9, B16.28 and MSS-SP-43 standards
Amardeep Steel manufactures ASTM A234 WPB Buttweld Fittings from our Mumbai facility, supplying refineries, power plants, and EPC contractors across 80 plus countries. We are an ISO 9001-certified manufacturer with over three decades of experience supplying ASTM A234 WPB fittings to oil and gas, power generation, and petrochemical projects. All fittings are supplied with full Mill Test Certificates (EN 10204 3.1 and 3.2) on request. Below is the full technical specification for Grade WPB carbon steel pipe fittings.
What Are ASTM A234 WPB Buttweld Fittings?
ASTM A234 is the Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service. It covers seamless and welded fittings applied in pressure piping and pressure vessel fabrication. The fittings material consists of killed steel, forgings, bars, plates, and seamless or fusion-welded tubular products with filler metal added.
ASTM A234 covers wrought carbon steel and alloy steel fittings of seamless and welded construction per the latest revision of ASME B16.9, B16.11, MSS-SP-79, MSS-SP-83, MSS-SP-95, and MSS-SP-97. The specification includes elbows, tees, reducers, caps, and crosses, typically with butt welding ends.
In these standards, Grade WPB is the most common material used for medium and high temperature pipelines. The W stands for weldable, P for pressure, and B refers to Grade B (minimum yield strength). Raw material for ASTM A234 WPB fittings may originate from steel pipe such as ASTM A106 Gr.B and C, or from steel plates such as ASTM A285 Gr.C, ASTM A516 Gr.70, and ASTM A572.
ASTM A234 WPB Fittings Specification
|
Parameter |
Details |
|---|---|
|
Standard |
ASTM A234 / ASME SA234 |
|
Grades |
WPB, WPC, WP1, WP5, WP9, WP11, WP12, WP22, WP91, WP911 |
|
Types |
Seamless and Welded |
|
Fittings Covered |
Elbows, Tees, Reducers (Concentric and Eccentric), Caps, Crosses |
|
Size Range |
1/2" NB to 48" NB (larger on request) |
|
Wall Thickness |
Sch 5S, Sch 10, Sch 20, Sch 40, Sch STD, Sch 80, Sch XS, Sch 160, Sch XXS |
|
Dimensional Standards |
ASME B16.9, ASME B16.28, MSS-SP-43, MSS-SP-79, MSS-SP-83, MSS-SP-95, MSS-SP-97 |
|
Pressure Class |
Class 150, 300, 600, 900, 1500, 2500 |
|
End Finish |
Plain End (PE), Beveled End (BE), Butt Weld End (BWE) |
|
Pressure Ratings |
150 LBS, 300 LBS, 600 LBS, 900 LBS, 1500 LBS, 2000 LBS, 3000 LBS to 9000 LBS |
|
Tensile Strength (WPB) |
60,000 psi [415 MPa] |
|
Yield Strength (WPB) |
35,000 psi [240 MPa] |
Types of ASTM A234 WPB Pipe Fittings
Applications of ASTM A234 WPB Buttweld Fittings
ASTM A234 WPB buttweld fittings are used across high-temperature and high-pressure piping systems in the following industries:
- Oil and gas refineries and transmission pipelines
- Power generation plants including boiler feed lines and steam distribution
- Petrochemical and chemical processing plants
- Offshore platforms and subsea pipeline systems
- Fertiliser plants and pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities
- Pulp and paper processing
- Water treatment and desalination plants
Manufacturing Process for ASTM A234 WPB Fittings
WPB buttweld fittings are formed from killed carbon steel through hot forming processes including induction bending, pressing, hammering, piercing, extruding, upsetting, rolling, and fusion welding, or a combination of these operations. After forming, fittings undergo heat treatment per ASTM A234 Section 5 (normalised, normalised and tempered, or annealed). Each piece is dimensionally inspected per ASME B16.9 and hydrostatically tested before despatch.
During manufacturing the following requirements apply: injurious imperfections and welding defects shall not be created; cooling after forming must be controlled to prevent defects; and suitable inspection including hydrostatic testing, hardness testing, and tensile testing shall be performed after manufacturing.
Chemical Composition of ASTM A234 WPB Fittings
The following table lists the chemical composition limits (in percent) for all grades covered under ASTM A234:
|
Grade |
C |
Mn |
P |
S |
Si |
Cr |
Mo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
WPB |
0.30 max |
0.29-1.06 |
0.050 |
0.058 |
0.10 min / 0.40 max |
0.40 max |
0.15 max |
|
WPC |
0.35 max |
0.29-1.06 |
0.050 |
0.058 |
0.10 min |
0.40 max |
0.15 max |
|
WP1 |
0.28 max |
0.30-0.90 |
0.045 |
0.045 |
0.10-0.50 |
... |
0.44-0.65 |
|
WP12 CL1/CL2 |
0.05-0.20 |
0.30-0.80 |
0.045 |
0.045 |
0.60 max |
0.80-1.25 |
0.44-0.65 |
|
WP11 CL1 |
0.05-0.15 |
0.30-0.60 |
0.030 |
0.030 |
0.50-1.00 |
1.00-1.50 |
0.44-0.65 |
|
WP11 CL2/CL3 |
0.05-0.20 |
0.30-0.80 |
0.040 |
0.040 |
0.50-1.00 |
1.00-1.50 |
0.44-0.65 |
|
WP22 CL1/CL3 |
0.05-0.15 |
0.30-0.60 |
0.040 |
0.040 |
0.50 max |
1.90-2.60 |
0.87-1.13 |
|
WP5 CL1/CL3 |
0.15 max |
0.30-0.60 |
0.040 |
0.030 |
0.50 max |
4.0-6.0 |
0.44-0.65 |
|
WP9 CL1/CL3 |
0.15 max |
0.30-0.60 |
0.030 |
0.030 |
1.00 max |
8.0-10.0 |
0.90-1.10 |
|
WPR |
0.20 max |
0.40-1.06 |
0.045 |
0.050 |
... |
... |
... |
|
WP91 |
0.08-0.12 |
0.30-0.60 |
0.020 |
0.010 |
0.20-0.50 |
8.0-9.5 |
0.85-1.05 |
|
WP911 |
0.09-0.13 |
0.30-0.60 |
0.020 |
0.010 |
0.10-0.50 |
8.5-9.5 |
0.90-1.10 |
Note: For Grade WPB, carbon content maximum is 0.30% for pipe or plate material and 0.35% for forgings. Silicon minimum is 0.10%. For each reduction of 0.01% in carbon content, manganese maximum increases by 0.06%, up to a maximum of 1.35%. The combined content of copper, nickel, niobium, and molybdenum shall not exceed 1.00%, and niobium plus molybdenum shall not exceed 0.32%.
Mechanical Properties of ASTM A234 WPB Buttweld Fittings
The tensile and yield strength requirements for ASTM A234 grades are listed below. For Grade WPB, minimum yield strength is 35 ksi (240 MPa) and tensile strength ranges from 60 to 95 ksi (415 to 655 MPa):
|
Grade |
Tensile Strength ksi [MPa] |
Yield Strength min ksi [MPa] |
|---|---|---|
|
WPB |
60-95 [415-655] |
35 [240] |
|
WPC, WP11 CL1, WP12 CL2 |
70-95 [485-655] |
40 [275] |
|
WP1 |
55-80 [380-550] |
30 [205] |
|
WP11 CL1, WP22 CL1, WP5 CL1, WP9 CL1 |
60-85 [415-585] |
30 [205] |
|
WPR |
63-88 [435-605] |
46 [315] |
|
WP11 CL3, WP22 CL3, WP5 CL3, WP9 CL3 |
75-100 [520-690] |
45 [310] |
|
WP91 |
85-110 [585-760] |
60 [415] |
|
WP911 |
90-120 [620-840] |
64 [440] |
|
WP12 CL1 |
60-85 [415-585] |
32 [220] |
Tensile Requirements: Elongation Values for ASTM A234 WPB Fittings
Elongation requirements per ASTM A234 are as follows: for longitudinal specimen (proportional), minimum 22% in 2 inches (50 mm). For transverse specimen, minimum 16% in 2 inches. All tests are performed on specimens machined from the fitting material per ASTM A370.
ASTM A234 WPB Fittings Equivalent Grades
The following table lists the commonly accepted cross-reference grades for ASTM A234 WPB fittings across different international standards:
|
Product |
ASTM / ASME |
EN / DIN |
JIS |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Fittings |
ASTM A234 WPB |
EN 10253-2 P265GH |
JIS B2311 STPT370 |
Weight Chart of ASTM A234 WPB Fittings (Elbows and Tees) per ANSI B16.9 and B16.28
Approximate weights in kilograms for standard ASTM A234 WPB elbows and tees in Schedule 40 wall thickness:
|
NPS (inch) |
90 deg LR Elbow (kg) |
45 deg LR Elbow (kg) |
Equal Tee (kg) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
1/2 |
0.15 |
0.10 |
0.20 |
|
3/4 |
0.20 |
0.15 |
0.25 |
|
1 |
0.35 |
0.22 |
0.40 |
|
1.1/2 |
0.75 |
0.50 |
0.90 |
|
2 |
1.20 |
0.80 |
1.50 |
|
3 |
3.00 |
2.00 |
4.00 |
|
4 |
5.50 |
3.60 |
7.00 |
|
6 |
14.00 |
9.00 |
18.00 |
|
8 |
28.00 |
18.00 |
35.00 |
|
10 |
52.00 |
34.00 |
64.00 |
|
12 |
80.00 |
52.00 |
98.00 |
Weight Chart: ASTM A234 WPB Concentric and Eccentric Reducers and Caps (kg) per ANSI B16.9
Approximate weights in kilograms for standard ASTM A234 WPB reducers and caps in Schedule 40 wall thickness:
|
NPS (inch) |
Concentric Reducer (kg) |
Eccentric Reducer (kg) |
Cap (kg) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
1/2 |
0.12 |
0.12 |
0.08 |
|
3/4 |
0.18 |
0.18 |
0.12 |
|
1 |
0.28 |
0.28 |
0.18 |
|
1.1/2 |
0.55 |
0.55 |
0.35 |
|
2 |
0.90 |
0.90 |
0.55 |
|
3 |
2.20 |
2.20 |
1.40 |
|
4 |
4.00 |
4.00 |
2.60 |
|
6 |
10.00 |
10.00 |
6.50 |
|
8 |
20.00 |
20.00 |
13.00 |
|
10 |
38.00 |
38.00 |
24.00 |
|
12 |
58.00 |
58.00 |
37.00 |
Seamless and Welded ASTM A234 WPB Fittings
ASTM A234 includes both seamless and welded pipe fittings. Seamless fittings are produced from seamless steel pipes and tubes. Welded fittings are produced from welded steel pipes. It should be noted that ASTM A234 does not cover cast welding fittings or fittings machined from castings.
Alloy Steel Pipe Fittings to ASTM A234
Alloy steel pipe fittings are fabricated with alloying elements such as chromium, molybdenum, nickel, and others to achieve higher pressure ratings, improved strength, better corrosion resistance, and longer service life. They are widely used in oil and gas pipelines, chemical industries, power plants, nuclear power facilities, and severe service conditions.
The alloy steel buttweld fittings under ASTM A234 are available in grades WP1, WP5, WP11, WP12, WP22, WP23, and WP91 in class levels CL1, CL2, and CL3. Fittings include long and short radius elbows, eccentric and concentric reducers, caps, crosses, couplings, tees, nipples, and swage nipples in seamless, welded, and fabricated types.
For alloy steel forged fittings, the applicable standard is ASTM A182, with grades F1, F5, F9, F11 Class 1, F12 Class 1, and F22 Class 1 among others.
Frequently Asked Questions: ASTM A234 WPB Fittings
What is the difference between ASTM A234 WPB and WPC?
WPB allows a maximum carbon content of 0.30%, while WPC allows up to 0.35% maximum. WPC also has a higher minimum tensile strength of 70 ksi compared to 60 ksi minimum for WPB. WPB is the standard grade for most moderate-temperature general service piping systems, while WPC is selected when slightly higher strength is required within the same temperature range.
What sizes are available in ASTM A234 WPB buttweld fittings?
Sizes range from 1/2" NB to 24" NB as standard per ASME B16.9, with larger sizes available on request up to 48" NB. Wall thicknesses are available from Schedule 5S through Schedule XXS.
Do ASTM A234 WPB fittings require heat treatment?
Yes. As per ASTM A234, all WPB fittings must be furnished in the heat-treated condition. Permitted conditions include normalised, normalised and tempered, or annealed, unless otherwise agreed between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
Can I request Mill Test Certificates for ASTM A234 WPB fittings?
Yes. EN 10204 3.1 Mill Test Certificates are generally provided as standard with every supply. EN 10204 3.2 certificates with third-party witnessed inspection are available on request for critical service and export projects.
Why Choose Amardeep Steel for ASTM A234 WPB Buttweld Fittings?
For engineered piping systems subject to high temperature and pressure, ASTM A234 WPB steel pipe fittings deliver the weldability and performance needed to meet stringent service requirements. Selection must consider the specific operating conditions including temperature, pressure, and corrosion medium, matched to compatible piping materials and standards. When properly chosen and executed, these fittings provide robust, long-term integrity in power plants, chemical processing, refineries, and other demanding industrial environments.
Amardeep Steel is an ISO 9001-certified manufacturer supplying a full range of certified ASTM A234 fittings including grades WPB, WPC, WP11, WP22, WP91, and WP911, with full traceability, mill test reports, and rigorous quality assurance. Our fittings are manufactured under controlled metallurgy and processed to ensure dimensional accuracy and mechanical compatibility. For projects requiring reliable welded connections under extreme conditions, Amardeep Steel offers the technical capabilities and material solutions to help you build piping systems that stand the test of time.
