CZ121 Brass Tubes are copper alloys which have free machining characteristics and contain around 58% copper, 39% zinc, and 2.5 to 3.5% lead. The dual structure of these alloys along with the distribution of lead make these tubes ideal for chip breaking applications. These tubes have an index of relative machinability of 100, and hence, these brass tubes will be helpful in minimizing cutting friction, tool wear, and machining time. Some of the applications where these brass tubes find use include valve components, thread fittings, connectors, bushes, and precision machined parts. Amardeep Steel supplies CZ121 tube and hollow bar to EN 12164 chemistry with EN 10204 certificates that state the actual lead content.
Technical Data
Specifications of CZ121 Brass Tubes
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
|
Material Designation |
CZ121 Free Machining Brass, EN CW614N (CuZn39Pb3) |
|
Applicable Standards |
EN 12164 (rod & structural requirements), EN 12168 (hollow rod), BS 2874 CZ121 (withdrawn) |
|
Product Forms |
Hollow bar, extruded seamless tube, drawn precision tube, custom tube to drawing |
|
Outside Diameter (OD) |
10 mm to 100 mm (custom sizes available upon request) |
|
Bore / Inside Diameter (ID) |
From 6 mm; hollow bar available from 20 mm bore |
|
Length |
3-m random lengths, standard mill lengths, or custom cut-to-length |
|
Supply Tempers |
R360 (as extruded), R430 (drawn), R500 (small precision sizes) |
|
Testing & Inspection |
Chemical analysis, tensile testing, hardness testing, dimensional and visual verification |
|
Documentation |
EN 10204 3.1 certification verifying CW614N chemistry and exact heat lead content; 3.2 available on request |
Chemical Compositions of CZ121 Brass Tubes
| Element | Specification Limit (%) |
|---|---|
|
Copper (Cu) |
57.0 to 59.0 |
|
Lead (Pb) |
2.5 to 3.5 |
|
Iron (Fe) |
0.3 max |
|
Nickel (Ni) |
0.3 max |
|
Tin (Sn) |
0.3 max |
|
Aluminium (Al) |
0.05 max |
|
Other Impurities (Total) |
0.2 max |
|
Zinc (Zn) |
Balance |
Mechanical Properties of CZ121 Brass Tubes
| Temper | Size Range (mm) | Tensile Strength Rm, min (MPa) | 0.2% Proof Stress Rp0.2 (MPa) | Elongation A, min (%) | Hardness (HBW) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
R360 / H090 |
6 to 80 |
360 |
350 max |
20 |
90 to 125 |
|
R430 / H110 |
2 to 60 |
430 |
220 min |
10 |
110 to 160 |
|
R500 / H135 |
2 to 14 |
500 |
350 min |
5 |
135 min |
Physical Properties of Cz121 Lead Free Brass Tubes
| Property | Value / Rating |
|---|---|
|
Density |
8.40 to 8.47 g/cm³ |
|
Melting Range |
875°C to 890°C |
|
Thermal Conductivity |
117 to 121 W/m·K |
|
Electrical Conductivity |
25% to 28% IACS |
|
Thermal Expansion Coefficient (20°C–300°C) |
About 21 x 10⁻⁶ /K |
|
Machinability Index |
100 (Reference standard for copper alloys) |
|
Hot Working Temperature Range |
625°C to 725°C (Excellent hot formability) |
|
Cold Formability |
Poor (Not suitable for cold working, bending, or flaring) |
|
Annealing Temperature Range |
450°C to 600°C |
|
Stress Relieving Temperature |
250°C to 350°C |
|
Soldering |
Excellent |
|
Brazing |
Good |
|
Welding (Gas, Arc, Resistance) |
Not recommended |
Equivalent Grades of Cz121 Lead Free Brass Tubes
| Standard / System | Designation / Equivalent Grade |
|---|---|
|
BS (British Standard) |
BS 2874 CZ121 / CZ121Pb3 (Withdrawn) |
|
EN (European Standard) |
CW614N, CuZn39Pb3 |
|
ISO |
CuZn39Pb3 |
|
DIN (German Standard) |
CuZn39Pb3, 2.0401 |
|
UNS (USA) |
C38500 (nearest match); C36000 (often quoted, see our C36000 leaded brass hollow rods page) |
|
JIS (Japan) |
C3604 (Near match) |
|
Indian Standard (IS) |
IS 319 Free Cutting Brass (See our IS 319 Gr 1 brass round bar page) |
Applications and Industrial Uses of Cz121 Lead Free Brass Tubes
- CNC Machining Industry
- Automotive Components Industry
- Plumbing and Sanitary Fittings
- Electrical and Electronics Industry
- Valve and Pump Manufacturing
- Hydraulic and Pneumatic Equipment
- Instrumentation and Precision Engineering
- Industrial Connector Manufacturing
Frequently Asked Questions:
1. What are CZ121 brass tubes?
CZ121 brass tubes are free machining copper zinc alloy tubes containing approximately 2.5-3.5% lead, known for excellent machinability and chip breaking properties.
2. Is CZ121 brass lead free?
No, CZ121 brass is not lead free. It contains approximately 2.5-3.5% lead to improve machinability.
3. What is the machinability rating of CZ121 brass?
CZ121 brass has a relative machinability rating of approximately 100, making it a standard reference for free machining copper alloys.
4. What is the difference between CZ121 and CW614N brass?
CZ121 is the British designation, while CW614N is the European material designation for the same free machining brass alloy.
5. Are CZ121 brass tubes suitable for CNC machining?
Yes, CZ121 brass tubes are suitable for CNC machining because of their excellent chip breaking properties, smooth cutting performance, and reduced tool wear.
6. What is the EN equivalent of CZ121?
The EN equivalent is CW614N (CuZn39Pb3), covered by EN 12164 for brass rod products.
7. What is the difference between CZ121 and CZ108?
CZ108 (CW508L) is a 63/37 brass with very low lead content, designed for cold forming. CZ121 contains approximately 3% lead for faster machining.
8. Can CZ121 tube be bent?
CZ121 has poor cold formability and is not suitable for cold bending. However, it offers good hot forging and extrusion properties.
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