by AMC
Posted on December 08, 2023 at 12:57 PM
SAE 1045, a widely utilized medium-carbon steel, stands out as a preferred choice globally. Renowned for its
exceptional blend of high strength, weldability, and impact resistance, this common steel grade offers
versatility and reliability. Moreover, its affordability enhances its popularity among consumers, making
AISI 1045 a practical and cost-effective option for various applications.
Before making a purchase, it's crucial to learn about the SAE 1045 steel to ensure you acquire the right
product for your needs. This article provides an in-depth exploration of SAE/AISI 1045 steel, covering its
hot-rolled, normalized, and cold-rolled variants, and discuss some of the key characteristics to aid in
making informed decisions about this versatile steel grade.
Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S |
1045 | 0.43-0.50 | 0.15-0.35 | 0.60-0.90 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.05 |
7.86 | |
Melting point,℃ | 1433 |
Specific heat capacity,(0~100℃),J/(kg.k) | 577.78(200℃) |
Linear expansion coefficient,10^-6/k | 0~100℃ |
11.7 | |
Poisson's ratio | 0.269 |
Elastic Modulus,Mpa | 209000 |
Shear modulus,Mpa | 82300 |
Thermal conductivity,W/(m.K) | 46.89(200℃) |
Resistivity,10^-8 Ω.m | 32.0(200℃) |
Tensile,Mpa | Yield,Mpa | Elongation,% | Reduction,% | Charpy Impact,J | Hardness,HBW |
≥532 | ≥280 | ≥32 | ≥49 | ≥60 | 160-200 |
Properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Thermal conductivity | 51.9 W/mK | 360 BTU in/hr.ft2.°F |
Thermal expansion co-efficient (@0.000-100°C/32-212°F) | 11.2 µm/m°C | 6.22 µm/m°C |
Normalizing Temperature: 830-880℃
Holding Time: The duration depends on the workpiece size and loading capacity. In our experience, shorter
holding times are suitable for smaller SAE 1045 steel sizes. As the size increases, the holding time may be
extended. However, an excessively prolonged holding time can result in coarse grains and material
overburning, adversely affecting material properties.
Cooling Method: Air cooling is recommended, and rapid cooling can be achieved by misting water. Caution
should be exercised to avoid overly fast cooling, as it may lead to material cracking.
Rationale: Normalizing is a crucial heat treatment process for SAE 1045 steel.
Balancing the duration of holding time and cooling methods is essential to achieving the desired material properties without compromising structural integrity during the heat treatment of SAE 1045 steel.
Purpose of Annealing Heat Treatment: The primary objective of annealing for SAE 1045 steel, based on our
experience, is typically to soften surface hardness for improved machinability.
Annealing Temperature: The annealing temperature for SAE 1045 steel is typically maintained within the range
of 820-840°C.
Holding Time: A sufficient holding time at the annealing temperature is essential to achieve the desired
softening effect. The material is then allowed to cool to room temperature within the furnace.
Measured Surface Hardness: Post-annealing, the measured surface hardness of SAE 1045 steel usually falls
below 200 HBW (Brinell Hardness), significantly facilitating subsequent processing and machining operations.
Application Scenario: Quenching and tempering (QT) heat treatment is recommended for SAE 1045 steel when it is utilized in critical structural components such as connecting rods, gears, bolts, and shafts operating under alternating loads. This process enhances the overall mechanical properties of SAE 1045 steel, ensuring it meets stringent performance requirements.
Quenching Parameters:Grade | Quenching | Tempering Temperature,ºC | |||||||
Temperature,ºC | Hardness,HRC | 150ºC | 200ºC | 300ºC | 400ºC | 500ºC | 550ºC | 600ºC | |
SAE 1045 | 840ºC | 58-59 | 58 | 55 | 50 | 41 | 33 | 26 | 22 |
Surface Finish | Black-Forged | Black-Rolled | Turned | Grinding | Polished | Peeled | Cold Drawn |
Tolerance | (0,+5mm) | (0,+1mm) | (0,+3mm) | Best h9 | Best h11 | Best H11 | Best H11 |
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For a seamless experience, contact us, and our friendly customer support representatives will be delighted to assist you with your metal request. At GetMetals.com, we strive to make your AISI 1045 steel procurement hassle-free and cost-effective.
When working with sheet metal, the term "gauge" is commonly used to describe the thickness or thickness range of the material.